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In the Netherlands, since the entry into force of the Advisory Referendum Act (''Wet raadgevend referendum'') on 1 July 2015, most types of primary laws can be subjected to a suspensory, non-binding referendum if requested shortly after royal assent and subsequent proclamation. If a law is rejected by more than half of the votes cast, with a mandatory turnout of at least 30%, its entry into force will be suspended indefinitely and a follow-up law must be enacted that either repeals the law or provides for its entry into force. The Dutch Constitution has no provisions on referendums, which means that any referendum held on a national or local level cannot be binding as long as the Constitution gives primacy to legislatures. The first reading of a constitutional amendment to introduce a binding, abrogative referendum at national, provincial, municipal and water-board level has been completed on 15 October 2014. The second reading cannot not take place until after the next general election and will require a two-thirds majority in both chambers of the States General. A previous attempt failed in May 1999 when the bill was rejected in second reading in the Senate due to VVD Senator Hans Wiegel rebelling against his own party. Since the constitutional referendum of the Batavian Republic in 1805, only one referendum has been held. This was the European Constitution referendum in 2005. Since the Advisory Referendum Act entered into force, one request has completed the request stage and a referendum on the ratification of the Ukraine–EU Association Agreement will be held on 6 April 2016. ==Legal history== In the Netherlands, draft acts are generally proposed by the government, but also members of the House of Representatives have the right to initiate the procedure. In 2005, Members of Parliament Niesco Dubbelboer (Labour), Wijnand Duyvendak (GreenLeft) and Boris van der Ham (Democrats 66) sent their draft act ''Wet raadgevend referendum'' to parliament, including an explanatory report that started by quoting US president Theodore Roosevelt: "I believe in the (...) referendum, which should be used not to destroy representative government, but to correct it whenever it becomes misrepresentative.". Before the act was signed into law, all three left parliament and were succeeded by Paul Kalma (Labour), Femke Halsema (GreenLeft), Pierre Heijnen (Labour), Jolande Sap (GreenLeft), Linda Voortman, Gerard Schouw (Democrats 66) and Manon Fokke (Labour), the latter three until the act was signed into law in 2014. The draft act was passed by the House of Representatives on 14 February 2013 (98-52), with all parties voting in favour, except the Christian Democratic Appeal (13 seats), the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (41 seats), ChristianUnion (5 seats) and the Reformed Political Party (3 seats).〔(【引用サイトリンク】title= Overzicht van stemmingen in de Tweede Kamer )〕 In the Senate, opposing votes came from the same four parties and the draft act passed 45-30.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Initiatiefvoorstel Fokke )〕 It was signed into law 30 September 2014 and entered into force on 1 July 2015. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Referendums in the Netherlands」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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